二维材料粉体具有比表面积大、催化活性位点丰富、易于溶液加工、微结构可调等特性，在能源、电子器件、催化和环境等领域展现出巨大的应用前景。高品质二维材料粉体的低成本、批量化、微结构调控制备是发展其大规模应用的重要前提。本文总结了基于硅藻土模板法制备二维材料粉体(如石墨烯、石墨双炔、过渡金属氮化物、过渡金属硫属化合物粉体)的研究进展；介绍了所获得的二维材料粉体在能量存储器件、印刷电子学、电催化析氢、废水处理等领域的应用研究；最后讨论了基于硅藻土模板法的二维材料粉体制备研究中尚存的问题与挑战，以及二维材料粉体可能的应用方向。

传输反射镜是高功率激光装置中连接主放大系统与靶场终端的关键组成部分，实现它的表面洁净控制尤为必要。本课题组基于风刀高速吹扫颗粒物去除技术，探究了开放式环境下，风刀安装高度、进气压力、出气口间隙、吹扫次数等工艺参数对靶场终端反射镜表面Al₂O₃、灰尘和不锈钢等颗粒物去除效率的影响，并从实验中捕捉到了颗粒物的动态运动轨迹。研究结果表明：提高进气压力可以提高颗粒物的去除效率；当风刀安装高度为4 mm、进气压力为1.5 MPa时，0.05 mm或0.1 mm的风刀出气口间隙均可实现90%以上的平均去除效率；当进气压力不高于1.2 MPa时，增加吹扫次数并不能提高颗粒物的去除效率；在去除过程中，颗粒物沿着高速气流方向直线运动。本次实验结果为靶场终端传输反射镜在线表面洁净控制提供了重要参考和技术支撑。

Manipulation of light-matter interaction is critical in modern physics, especially in the strong coupling regime, where the generated half-light, half-matter bosonic quasiparticles as polaritons are important for fundamental quantum science and applications of optoelectronics and nonlinear optics. Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are ideal platforms to investigate the strong coupling because of their huge exciton binding energy and large absorption coefficients. Further studies on strong exciton-plasmon coupling by combining TMDs with metallic nanostructures have generated broad interests in recent years. However, because of the huge plasmon radiative damping, the observation of strong coupling is significantly limited at room temperature. Here, we demonstrate that a large Rabi splitting (~300 meV) can be achieved at ambient conditions in the strong coupling regime by embedding Ag-WS₂ heterostructure in an optical microcavity. The generated quasiparticle with part-plasmon, part-exciton and part-light is analyzed with Hopfield coefficients that are calculated by using three-coupled oscillator model. The resulted plasmon-exciton polaritonic hybrid states can efficiently enlarge the obtained Rabi splitting, which paves the way for the practical applications of polaritonic devices based on ultrathin materials.

基于激光诱导炽光(LII)法和光腔衰荡光谱(CRDS)技术,搭建了用于研究火焰碳烟颗粒的测量平台,并对其性能参数进行了表征。碳烟颗粒路径积分衰减系数测量结果表明,双色LII测试系统和CRDS系统相互独立。同时运行双色LII和CRDS系统,测量得到的路径积分衰减系数随着火焰高度的增加先增大后减小,两个系统的测量结果具有较好的相关性。通过优化拟合模型及去除系统噪音,获得了较好的光腔衰荡信号拟合结果。